Useful API Functions

This document lists most useful (and most often needed) classes and functions. Be aware, that there are many more to be found in either the class references or via the builtin class browser.

String

Reference: String inherits from: CharacterArray and SequenceableCollection and Collection

Collection

Reference: Collection

Filename

Reference: Filename

Stream

Streams can be internal (eg. reading from a String) or external (eg. a file stream, pipe or socket).

Reference: Stream

Number

Literals (i.e. Constant Numbers)

1234
16rFFAA or 0xaffe
2r0101 or 0b101010
NrXXX

integer constant; decimal, hex, binary or any base N; integers may be arbitrary long

0.5
1e5
-1.2e-3

float constant; actually double precision; use "q" for extra precision

(4/3)

a fraction (numerator / denominator)

(4+3i)

complex number (real part / imaginary part)

Arithmetic Operators

Notice: there are no precedence rules for binary operators ('+', '-', '*', etc.) in Smalltalk. All binary operators are evaluated left to right. Use parentheses to specify order.

number1 + number2 => Number
number1 - number2 => Number
number1 * number2 => Number
number1 / number2 => Number

any combination of types is possible (integer, float, fraction, complex)

number1 // number2 => Number

truncating division (truncates towards negative infinity; i.e. the next smaller number)

number1 \\ number2 => Number

remainder from above division

number1 quo: number2 => Number

truncating division (truncates towards zero; same as "//" for positive numbers)

number1 rem: number2 => Number

remainder from quo: (same as "\\" for positive numbers)

Math & Trigonometric Functions

aNumber ln => Number
aNumber log10 => Number
aNumber log2 => Number

logarithm; by default, an error is reported for negative numbers;
to get a complex result, use "Complex trapImaginary:[ aNumber ln ]".

aNumber sqrt => Number

square root; by default, an error is reported for negative numbers;
to get a complex result, use "Complex trapImaginary:[ aNumber sort ]".

aNumber cbrt => Number

cubic root.

aNumber exp => Number
number1 raisedTo: number2 => Number

exponentiation

aNumber sin => Number
aNumber cos => Number
aNumber tan => Number
aNumber arcSin => Number
aNumber arcCos => Number
aNumber arcTan => Number
aNumber arcTan2 => Number
aNumber sinh => Number
aNumber cosh => Number
aNumber tanh => Number

trigonometric / hyperbolic functions

Bitwise Operators

ínteger1 bitAnd: integer2 => Integer
ínteger1 bitOr: integer2 => Integer
ínteger1 bitXor: integer2 => Integer
ínteger1 bitShift: count => Integer
ínteger1 leftShift: count => Integer
ínteger1 rightShift: count => Integer
ínteger1 bitTest: integer2 => Boolean

bitwise operations

Reference: Number and its subclasses Integer, Float, Fraction, Complex

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